Introduction
Let’s Encrypt is a certificate authority (CA) providing free SSL/TLS certificates. You can get a valid SSL certificate for your domain at no cost. These certificates can be used for production use as well. The certificates can only be requested from there server where the domain is pointed. Let’s Encrypt do a DNS check for the domain, that domain is pointed to the current server. After that it issue certificate for you. This tutorial will help you to install Let’s encrypt client on your Ubuntu system and issue SSL certificate for the domain.
Step 1 - Prerequisites
Before starting work on this task, I assume you already have:
- Running Ubuntu system with sudo privileges shell access.
- A domain name registered and pointed to your server’s public IP address.
- For this tutorial, we use example.com and www.example.com, which is pointed to our server.
- Running web server with VirtualHost configured for example.com and www.example.com on Port 80
Step 2 - Install Let’s Encrypt Client
Download the certbot-auto Let’s Encrypt client and save under /usr/sbin directory. Use the following command to do this.
$$sudo wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto -O /usr/sbin/certbot-auto
sudo chmod a+x /usr/sbin/certbot-auto
Step 3 - Get a SSL Certificate
Let’s Encrypt do a strong Domain Validation automatically with multiple challenges to verify the ownership of the domain. Once the Certificate Authority (CA) verified the authenticity of your domain, SSL certificate will be issued.
$sudo certbot-auto certonly --standalone -d example.com -d www.example.com
Above command will prompt for an email address, which is used for sending email alerts related to SSL renewal and expiration. Also, asks a few more questions. After completion, it will issue an SSL certificate and will also create a new VirtualHost configuration file on your system.
Step 4 - Check SSL Certificate
If everything goes fine. A new ssl will be issued at below location. Navigate to below directory and view files.
$$cd /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com
ls
Files List:
cert.pem
chain.pem
fullchain.pem
privkey.pem
Setp 5 - Configure SSL VirtualHost
Use the following configurations for Apache and Nginx web server. Edit virtual host configuration file and add below entries for the certificate.
Nginx:
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem;
Apache:
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/cert.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/chain.pem
Step 6 - Configure SSL Auto Renew
In the end, configure the following job on your server crontab to auto-renew SSL certificate if required.
0 2 * * * sudo /usr/sbin/certbot-auto -q renew
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